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Robert Sobukwe

1924 - 1978

The founder of the Pan Africanist Congress whose intellectual brilliance inspired a generation.

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The founder of the Pan Africanist Congress whose intellectual brilliance inspired a generation.

— A message from the family

Biography

Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe was a South African political dissident and founder of the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). He led the anti-pass campaign that culminated in the Sharpeville Massacre. He was held in solitary confinement for six years and remained under house arrest until his death. His writings on African nationalism remain influential.

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Life Timeline

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1924

Born in Graaff-Reinet, Cape Province

1959

Founded Pan Africanist Congress

1960

Led anti-pass campaign, Sharpeville

1963

Released from Robben Island but banned

1978

Passed away at age 53